What is an Operating System?
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The operating system is the software that manages the hardware of computers. It divides the time each program has to use the CPU. It also allocates disk space and protects data from unauthorised access. It also provides an interface between the software and hardware. This enables the software to communicate with a range of hardware devices such as printers, WiFi adapters, and disk drives.
A OS also allows multiple software applications to run simultaneously on the same processor. This is referred to as multitasking. It also allows users to interact directly with a computer through the GUI interface (graphical) or command line interface. The operating system can be a standalone application that runs in memory or a collection programs and libraries on the hard drive that are loaded into memory when required.
Other crucial functions of operating systems include error detection. The system continuously monitors input and output to identify mistakes and prevent the occurrence of further problems. It is also responsible for the management of network connections and establishing security protocols to protect against unauthorized access.
The OS also stores driver information for devices in a standard format for easy identification. It is also able to install and configure new drivers when the hardware is upgraded. Additionally it can OS can translate a user-generated program from high-level language into machine code by using loader and compiler. It is also able to move the data on a disc when it detects bad sectors.